联合国项目旨在尼克斯船的最危险的储藏室

上周发起的全球倡议旨在减少environmental侵入性海洋物种的影响通过船只遍布海洋。

TheGloFouling合作伙伴关系project, led by the UN, will support countries around the globe in using innovations to combat biofouling, the build up of marine animals such as barnacles on underwater surfaces, and in implementing guidelines on this topic from the UN’s International Maritime Organization.

参与国家的运输部门将获得使用技术的支持，以限制自己与内部储罐中的船舶或旅行的物种数量，包括特殊油漆中的涂层船体等方法，并监视镇流器的溢出18beplay官网 靠近沿海地区。

领导该计划的十二个国家是巴西，厄瓜多尔，斐济，印度尼西亚，约旦，马达加斯加，毛里求斯，墨西哥，墨西哥，秘鲁，菲律宾，斯里兰卡和汤加。

去除或遏制生物体的传播也可以提高运输效率，这是二氧化碳排放量的巨大来源。“在船体上生物蒸发可以减慢其速度并增加energyconsumption by 12 per cent,” says John Alonso, assistant technical adviser at GloFouling. “It also can reduce the productivity of tidal energy engines. It can increase the weight of nets in aquaculture, and even harbour parasites that affect the fish.”

Invasive species are animals that have been transferred from their natural ecosystem to new ones, where they spread rapidly and cause harm. They reduce biodiversity by altering habitats and changing predator-prey relationships. According to Alonso, around half of all marine invasive species are transported on the hulls of ships, while another 30 per cent are introduced through ships releasing water from their hulls.

This ballast water is a particular concern. It is used in special tanks in cargo ships to improve stability when a ship is not fully loaded. It carries bacteria and other microorganisms, as well as eggs and larvae, which are released along with the water when it is pumped back into the ocean.

很难规范压载水的排放，尤其是在技术能力有限的国家。GloFouling倡议已获得690万美元，通过提供技术工具的开发和访问，以补救这一问题。

“We will work on capacity building by using training tools, providing information, creating conditions for technology transfer, and also educating decision-makers,” says Alonso. “In the future, the [participating] countries will reach the other countries in the region.”

渔业对于许多发展中国家来说是一个重要行业。根据联合国的食品和农业组织beplay下载官网西西软件, around 10 per cent of the global population rely on fishing for their livelihood. Many small island states makemore than half of their GDP（国内生产总值）捕鱼，但也经常基于大量使用的运输路线。

根据研究，超过80％的海洋保护区suffer from invasive species，可能造成数十亿美元的当地捕鱼行业损失。

Oceanographer Fred Dobbs at Old Dominion University in Virginia, United States, welcomes the fact that developing nations are taking centre stage in the project. “I think it's a very smart step forward by the IMO,” he says. “After the good results of the GloBallast initiative, which led to the Ballast Water Convention signed last year, they are moving on to biofouling, repeating the successful strategy of working with developing countries.”