部长的死亡破坏了印度的通用芥末计划

[NEW DELHI] Plans by the Indian government to releasegenetically modified(GM) food crops into this predominantly agricultural country have been plagued by opposition from scientists, activists and politicians — including those owing allegiance to the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

5月18日，在政府监管机构的基因工程评估委员会（GEAC）批准商业释放耐除草剂的GM Mustard（GEAC）之后的5月18日（GEAC）（GEAC）（GEAC）（Brassica Juncea), Anil戴夫,60岁的人最终decision rested as central environment minister, died of a heart attack.

戴夫（Dave）一直受到巨大压力 - 游说者推动技术提高产量，一方面，反对转基因作物的民间社会团体对beplay足球体育的微博和18beplay 在另一。

统治人民党议会的前议员塔伦·维杰（Tarun Vijay）声称blog如果戴夫没有去世，那戴夫会禁止通用芥末。维杰（Vijay）的博客揭示了BJP圈子中严重的反对意见，即在印度的传统食品芥末酱上使用GM Technology的想法。

德里大学基因操纵中心（CGMCP）遗传操纵中心（CGMCP）的总监Deepak Pental的发展背后的人说，它具有提高产量并建立抗病性的潜力。CGMCP已向GEAC提交了一个积极的生物安全自我评估，同时申请释放通用芥末。

“如果未清除GEAC批准的技术，这将是印度农业技术研究的挫折。”

Deepak Pental, Centre for Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants

养子解释SciDev.NetDMH 11品种（通过将Barnase-Barstar基因插入由印度和东欧芥末菌株产生的混合动力车中创建）可能会使芥末石油产量提高30％至35％。barnase-barstar基因，源自土壤细菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens,allow control of sterility and fertility in hybrid crops.

However, Ashwani Mahajan, co-convenor of the Swadeshi Jagran Manch (SJM), an influential affiliate of the BJP, has written aletterto Prime Minister Narendra Modi complaining that since patents for the barnase-barstar genes are partly held by Bayer, the German multinational, the claim that DMH11 GM mustard isindigenous是欺诈性的。

Mahajan还警告GM芥末engineered与拜耳除草剂“ Basta！”一起使用，其中包含Glufosinate，一种已知的神经毒素。

“我们已经向总理表示，通用芥末不是土著的；这不好健康，环beplay足球体育的微博境和生物多样性，” Mahajan告诉SciDev.Net. “SJM has appealed to the prime minister to intervene and ensure that GM mustard is not released commercially.”

GM Mustard的商业发行还有其他障碍。

Its release is under challenge in India’s Supreme Court by environmentalists and food security activists. Aruna Rodrigues, lead petitioner in the case, sees advantage in the fact that the government has admitted in court that it has no proof that GM mustard can produce better yields than non-GM hybrids.

While the court has ordered publication of the full test data of GM mustard, its promoters have pleaded that the issue involves "commercial confidence trade secrets or知识产权，其披露将损害第三方的竞争地位”。

“Put simply, there are no agronomic benefits to releasing GM mustard while it can irreversibly jeopardise India’s farming, food, human health and its rich biodiversity.”

P. Pardha-Saradhi, University of Delhi

根据该案的请愿人Vandana Shiva的说法，主要是抵抗性against GM is coming from the provinces that make up the Indian federation.

像比哈尔邦，拉贾斯坦邦和西孟加拉邦一样种植和消耗芥末的主要州宣布，他们不允许在其领土内种植通用庄稼。这回应了七年前以国家领导的反对派的回应，尽管该国GEAC被清除了，但仍试图将转基因的aubergine引入印度。

对CGMCP自我评估的批评也来自德里大学生物技术与转基因学教授P. Pardha-Saradhi。

“从DMH 11品种中提取的油是较低的，由成分呈现data呈现。在得出任何结论之前，需要对独立机构进行严格的测试。” Pardha-Saradhi告诉SciDev.Net. “Put simply, there are no agronomic benefits to releasing GM mustard while it can irreversibly jeopardise India’sfarming，食品，人类健康及其丰富的生物多样性。”

Meanwhile, the all-party parliamentary standing committee on science and技术，环beplay足球体育的微博境和forestshas called for freezing the clearance of GM mustard until it has had an opportunity to study it. “We are examining concerns expressed by various stakeholders regarding the health and environmental safety of GM mustard,” says Renuka Chowdhury, an opposition politician who heads the committee.

Pental说，GM Mustard已完成了14年的制作，仅仅是因为“政治宣传”干涉了理性的决策。“如果未清除GEAC批准的技术，这将是印度农业技术研究的挫折。”

This piece was produced by SciDev.Net’s Asia & Pacific desk.