土著土地中碳的估计升高五倍

根据土著人民管理的土地比以前想象的要多得多一份报告这要求紧急加强其土地权利，以避免其释放到大气中。

土著人民对林地权利的合法化是支持可持续性的一种方式森林保持碳锁定的管理，有助于climate change减轻。

But while communities have succeeded in securing governmental recognition of their forest rights for 15 per cent of forests globally, the pace of recognition since 2008 has decreased, according to the Rights and Resources Initiative (RRI), the organisation behind第二个报告。

“我们的数据表明，如果我们不保护居住在其中的人，我们将无法保护世界的森林。”

阿兰•弗莱切特

This leaves their stewardship on precarious ground, they say, with forests more vulnerable to national-level decisions which may turn land over to logging, commercialbeplay下载官网西西软件或基础设施项目将碳释放到大气中。

Both documents were released today, prior to the全球气候行动峰会在美国旧金山市（9月12日至14日）。

根据新计算，在土著和其他当地社区控制下的树木，根和土壤的含量是先前估计的碳的五倍。

来自美国伍兹洞研究中心（WHRC）和RRI的研究人员都在美国，通过结合两个数据集来得出这些估计：关于从雷达和现场测量中获取的森林中的碳的最新数据，以及从雷达和现场测量中获得的，并从地理授予的终身制数据这地标数据库和其他来源。

他们说，结果涵盖了64个国家，占全球森林碳的近70％，估计有超过2.9亿吨的碳被锁定在社区管理的土地上。这是以前的估计值的五倍。

The key reason for the vastly increased carbon figure is the researchers’ inclusion in their calculations of soil carbon down to a depth of two metres, which represents three quarters of the total.

爱丁堡大学地球科学学院的埃德·米切德（Ed Mitchard）质疑这一点的合法性。

“th的有机物e soil doesn’t necessarily disappear if you cut down a forest. There are some bits of soil organic carbon that are very labile — peat, for example — but it’s not quite fair to say the people are protecting these stocks from a future contribution to climate change.”

Wayne Walker, one of the authors based at the WHRC, defends the team’s approach: “The point is, once the forest is gone all bets are off — it’s a protective layer, and by removing it you create the circumstances that make the carbon loss below ground that much more likely.”

英国雨林基金会的西蒙·库塞尔（Simon Counsell）在刚果绘制森林中的社区存在并帮助他们合法化土地权利的项目中说，这些数字“对于刚果而言非常高……它们非常重要，而且非常重要，并且可能是正确的数量级”。

Mitchard believes that “the real value in this report is in their significant efforts to map indigenous managed land and put them online for everyone to see”.

研究人员估计，该报告中至少有三分之一的热带和亚热带碳被没有合法权利的社区所照顾，并补充说，某些国家缺乏关于任期的信息，这意味着这些数字可能是低估的。

“社区是森林的有效和有效的监护人，”组织have reported。“They are investing substantially in conservation—up to US$1.71 billion in the developing world—and they achieve at least equal conservation results with a fraction of the budget of protected areas, making investment in communities the most efficient means of protecting forests.”

RRI的Alain Frechette的一位作者说：“我们的数据显示，如果我们不保护居住在其中的人，我们将不可能保护世界森林。”

* The caption of the picture above was amended on October14^Th2018年纠正萨满的拼写谢尔曼。