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08/11/21

Doubt grows over COP26 forest pledge

COP26_AMAZON_CLEARGER
Illegal logging on Pirititi indigenous Amazon lands with a repository of round logs in May 2018. Activists and civil society groups have raised wide-ranging doubts and concerns about a pledge to end deforestation by 2030. Copyright: Copyright:Quapan，，，，（CC由2.0）。

Speed read

  • More than 120 countries signed an agreement to stop deforestation
  • 激进主义者表达了怀疑
  • Countries ‘must make their strategies public’

经过：Aleida Rueda

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[GLASGOW] Activists and civil society groups have raised wide-ranging doubts and concerns about a pledge to end deforestation by 2030, announced with great fanfare during the COP26 climate conference in Glasgow.

作为2030年的一部分格拉斯哥领导人对森林和土地使用的宣言。

The announcement was made by UK Prime Minister, Boris Johnson, accompanied by the presidents of Indonesia, Joko Widodo, and of Colombia, Iván Duque.

据领导人称，由于迄今已签署的国家的数量和多样性，森林和土地使用的宣言具有历史性，占世界森林的86％以上。

Under the deal, more than US$19 billion has been pledged, of which 12 billion has come from 12 donor countries, while the rest will come from private initiatives and philanthropic organizations.

Yet, despite the celebratory tone, the response from some specialists and activists, especially on social networks, has been highly critical.

他们指出了过去类似协议的压倒性失败，并说几乎没有国家解释了他们将如何实现目标。

Greenpeace UK said the causes of deforestation have not been addressed.

“这很简单。如果我们不削减#deforestation的主要驱动力之一：肉类和乳制品消费，世界领导人将无法“到2030年结束森林砍伐”，该组织Tweeted。

Bioversity International Alliance的景观恢复研究主管Louis Verchot告诉scidev.netthat the agreement lacked any concrete methods of reaching the 2030 goal, just like a similar deal agreed in 2014.

“We had the same problem with an agreement back in 2014, in New York, in which many countries and many representatives of the private sector agreed to reduce and eliminate deforestation.

“有目标，但没有实现目标的程序。”

激进主义者还说，关于如何监控每个国家的进度，或者如果不遵守他们的制裁，如何制裁它们。

“格拉斯哥关于森林的协议需要透明的目标，并进行外部验证以确保真正的进步，”史蒂夫·特伦特（Steve Trent）beplay足球体育的微博环境正义基金会，在COP26上说。

土著人民

该宣言还包括17亿美元用于促进土著群体和农村社区的森林财产权，这些群体被证明是最了解如何的人protect这些生态系统。

来自挪威雨林基金会（Rainforest Foundation）的Torbjorn Gjefsen监视了国际资金到达土著组织多少，他说，该协议是一个很好的迹象，因为它代表了这些社区的更直接资金（无中介）。

“这可能非常有效，因为我们在不同的研究中看到的是，土著群体的森林管理非常有效，” Gjefsen告诉scidev.net在COP26。

“该协议可能很重要，但是只有以正确的方式花费资源。”

来自巴西东北部的土著领导人马科斯·阿维尔奎斯·坎波斯（Marcos Avilquis Campos）在COP26举行scidev.net: “If there is a climate crisis, if there is lack of water (…) it is because the decisions have been based solely on politics.

“Much more is needed than financing; a global policy is needed, without false solutions and with the participation of indigenous peoples.”

This piece was produced by SciDev.Net’s Latin America desk.