Abortion rates highest where legally restricted: study

一项新的研究发现，在法律限制终止的机会，但在可以使用堕胎和避孕的高收入国家中，堕胎率最高。

Women in the world’s poorest regions are three times more likely to experience an unplanned pregnancy than women in the global North. Abortion rates are also highest in middle- and low-income countries, the research found.

在过去的30年中，全球意想不到的怀孕数量在全球范围内下降，但是堕胎的比例增加了 - 尽管堕胎的国家大致合法的国家略有下降。这些发现是一个的一部分Lancet Global Healthstudy by the Guttmacher Institute, a sexual and reproductive health research and policy organisation, and the United Nations’ Human Reproduction Programme,昨天出版。

“归根结底，这代表了个人女性将做出的一些最重要的决定的数据 - 围绕身体自主权和妇女控制自己的生殖生活的权利。”

莎拉·霍克斯（Sarah Hawkes），联合创始人兼联合导演，全球卫生50/50

发展中国家中只有一半的妇女获得适当水平的医疗保健，联合国笔记。可持续发展目标旨在确保获得性和生殖健康服务的普遍机会，并在国家计划中包括生殖健康。

研究人员说，发展中国家的堕胎数量越来越多，可能是由于缺乏负担得起和可接受的避孕方法而导致的，而计划生育计划可能导致意外怀孕的下降。

“These findings emphasise the importance of ensuring access to the full spectrum of sexual and reproductive health services, including contraception and abortion care, and for additional investment towards equity in healthcare services,” say the authors.

“[A]ccess to safe and legal abortion as well as contraception increases reproductive autonomy. Limits on access to services, in contrast, contribute to unintended pregnancy and, when access is limited, unsafe abortion.”

性别平等组织全球健康50/50的联合创始人兼联合主任莎拉·霍克斯（Sarah Hawkes）说，这项研究阐明了与生殖健康有关的人口水平数据。

“好消息是，随着时间的流逝，意外怀孕的率下降了，但是所有国家的所有妇女都没有平等地分享这种下降的好处，”没有参与该研究的霍克斯说。

“妇女获得基本的性和生殖保健服务的权利，包括有效的避孕服务，应普遍实现，无论她的经济地位或国家的经济财富如何。”

该研究发现，生活在合法堕胎的国家中的妇女的意外怀孕率最低，堕胎发生率最大。

That finding “lends credence to the point that abortion services are part of a comprehensive rights-based package of sexual and reproductive health care that should be available to all women”, Hawkes says.

According to the study, between 2015 and 2019 there were 121 million unintended pregnancies annually, 61 per cent of which ended in abortion.

在受到限制的堕胎的情况下，在此期间，年平均意外怀孕率为每1000名女性73岁，每1000次堕胎率为36。

对于堕胎是合法合法的国家，意外怀孕率为每1000次58，每1000名妇女堕胎40次。

尼泊尔的限制性堕胎法于2002年进行了修改，以授予所有妇女在长达12周内终止怀孕的权利。

But in 2014, 184,000 women in Nepal had an illegal abortion — about 57 per cent of all abortions that year. More than 63,000 women were treated for abortion complications,according to a joint studyby Mahesh Puri’s Center for Research on Environment Health and Population Activities, in Nepal, and the Guttmacher Institute.

Abortions are often available only at “prohibitively high” costs, Puri’s research found.

Puri tellsscidev.net在尼泊尔，对现代避孕的需求仍然很高但未满足。

“It is a matter of concern that despite a decrease in unintended pregnancy, abortion rates have not declined, most prominently in low-income countries,” Puri says.

“诸如此类的全球证据无疑将有助于振兴[尼泊尔]的计划生育计划，并在全球推动这一议程。”

霍克斯补充说：“归根结底，这代表了有关单个妇女将做出的一些最重要决定的数据 - 围绕身体自主权和妇女控制自己的生殖生活的权利。”